Nigeria’s press freedom landscape reflects a blend of progress and persistent challenges, despite constitutional provisions guaranteeing media rights.
Speaking to mark World Press Freedom Day, media expert and Director, Special Programmes at the Nigeria Institute of Journalism, Dr. Jide Johnson, said the country ranks relatively well in terms of press freedom.
He noted that Sections 22 and 39 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria clearly define the role of the media and guarantee freedom of expression, including the right to own and operate media organisations.
However, Johnson raised concerns over what he described as increasing “authoritarian incursions” into freedom of expression.
He pointed to recent instances where individuals were allegedly arrested over civil matters, questioning the extent to which citizens’ rights are being protected.
According to him, self-censorship remains the most significant challenge facing journalists in Nigeria today.
He attributed this to factors such as media ownership influence, political pressure and economic constraints.
Johnson warned that these pressures have led to a gradual shift in the role of the media—from acting as a watchdog to becoming, in his words, a “lapdog,” often avoiding critical reporting and instead aligning with those in power.
He stressed that strengthening the judiciary is critical to reversing the trend, noting that an independent and effective court system would help safeguard the rights of journalists and ensure accountability.
While acknowledging that legal frameworks are in place, Johnson maintained that their enforcement remains the key to achieving genuine press freedom in Nigeria.
